Jeremiah 31:4

4 I will rebuild you, my dear children Israel,
Heb “Virgin Israel.”
For the significance of this metaphor see the note on Jer 14:17. Here the emphasis appears on his special love and care for his people and the hint (further developed in vv. 21–22) that, though guilty of sin, he considers them like an innocent young virgin.

so that you will once again be built up.
Once again you will take up the tambourine
and join in the happy throng of dancers.
Contrast Jer 7:34 and 25:10.

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